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Control joints are planned gaps or grooves introduced in construction materials (mainly concrete, plaster, masonry, and flooring) to control the location of cracks caused by shrinkage, temperature changes, and structural movement. Instead of allowing random cracking, control joints ensure cracks occur at predetermined, less noticeable locations.
They are designed to relieve internal tensile stresses that build up in concrete and masonry due to drying shrinkage, carbonation, and thermal expansion/contraction.
Their primary function is to create a "weak plane" or predetermined line where cracks are encouraged to form, preventing random, unsightly, and potentially damaging cracks.
By guiding cracks along specific, straight lines, control joints maintain the visual appeal of the finished surface, contributing to a clean and organized look.
They help preserve the structural integrity of the material by preventing larger, uncontrolled fractures that could lead to spalling, deterioration, or compromise the overall stability.
When cracks occur within the designated joints, they provide easily identifiable and accessible locations for sealing, repair, or future maintenance, simplifying the process and reducing costs.
They allow for small, localized movements within the material without negatively impacting the surrounding structure.
Control joints are broadly classified based on the type of movement they accommodate. Contraction (or Shrinkage) Joints are the most common type, specifically designed to relieve tensile stress caused by the natural drying and shrinkage of concrete or cementitious materials.
